OpenOlympiad
Concept 12 of 19Foundation
Video

Pattern detective toolkit

When a pattern resists easy guessing, try these moves in order:

  1. Subtract neighbours. Constant → arithmetic.
  2. Divide neighbours. Constant → geometric.
  3. Compare to n² (1, 4, 9, 16…) or (1, 8, 27…).
  4. Try second differences. If first diffs are arithmetic, the pattern is quadratic.
  5. Check if each term needs previous TWO (Fibonacci-style).
  6. Check for repeating cycles (period 2, 3, 4…).
Example
Sequence 2, 6, 12, 20, 30.
First diffs: 4, 6, 8, 10 — arithmetic. Pattern is quadratic. Check aₙ = n² + n → 2, 6, 12, 20, 30 ✓.
💡 Tip:Work simple to complex. Most olympiad patterns are arithmetic or quadratic.
Prefer a video? Open YouTube search for “how to find next number in a pattern class 6

🎯 Try it!

5 questions to check what you just read.

0 / 5
  1. Q1.Which method works on 3, 9, 27, 81?
  2. Q2.For 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, compare to:
  3. Q3.First differences of 2, 6, 12, 20, 30?
  4. Q4.A sequence with constant second differences is:
  5. Q5.Pattern 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 uses: